Either way, Paul’s language evokes Israel’s sacrificial cult (cf. NRSV: “sacrifice of atonement”). Whatever associations the language conjures up, one cannot ignore the fact that the Septuagint, the Greek translation of Israel’s scriptures—which dominates Paul’s thinking—primarily uses hilastērion in reference to the ark of the covenant, the “mercy seat,” the object at the center of the Day of Atonement liturgy:72 You shall put the mercy seat [LXX to hilastērion] on the top of the ark; and in the
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